Crop Classification Methods Based on Siamese CBMM-CNN Architectures Using Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Data
摘要
Amidst global population growth and escalating food demands, real-time agricultural monitoring is crucial for ensuring food security. During the initial stages of crop growth, however, it faces significant challenges in obtaining accurate ground truth data via remote sensing, thereby impeding effective crop classification. Traditional Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models, although effective in image processing and feature extraction within computer vision, are notably limited in their ability to handle the high dimensionality and complex spectral information inherent in hyperspectral non-image remote sensing data. To address this problem, we designed an enhanced CNN model, CBM-CNN. The CBM-CNN incorporates additional convolutional layers (C), batch normalization (B), and MLP(M) to convert one-dimensional data into two-dimensional data for classification, thus improving the processing efficiency of highly nonlinear data features. Building on CBM-CNN, we add multiple attention mechanisms (CBMM-CNN) to enhance feature extraction capabilities. The Siamese CBMM-CNN (SCBMM-CNN) is employed for in-depth learning of data features, with supervised learning precisely adjusting the model to improve classification performance. Experimental results on hyperspectral remote sensing datasets demonstrate that SCBMM-CNN outperforms traditional machine learning models (PCA-RF, GBDT, GMO-SVM, Random Forest, Decision Tree) and deep learning models (CNN, CNN-LSTM) in terms of accuracy, recall rate, F1 score, and kappa coefficient. These results confirm that SCBMM-CNN significantly improves crop classification accuracy and provides a novel method for early crop growth classification.