This chapter continues the clinical review of neuro-ophthalmology, focusing on critical conditions related to the optic disc, papilledema, pupil disorders, and cranial nerve dysfunction. It begins with a discussion on optic disc anomalies, such as optic disc drusen, morning glory anomaly, and coloboma, detailing their clinical features, implications, and management. The section on papilledema emphasizes its pathophysiology and diagnostic importance in identifying raised intracranial pressure. Pupil-related disorders are explored, including those affecting afferent and efferent pathways, and their role in visual function. The final section covers cranial nerves and eye movements, examining conditions like strabismus and ocular motor dysfunction caused by cranial nerve palsies.