Time–Frequency Analysis of Far-Field Ground Motions from the 2011 Sikkim Earthquake
摘要
An intra-plate earthquake having a magnitude of 6.9 struck Sikkim in the year 2011. The effects of this earthquake were very clearly recorded at seismographs located in the far-field region. Much of the damage done to buildings, for example, is due not only to ground shaking intensity but also to frequency content in seismic waves. However, when it comes to damaged structures, knowledge of frequency content in ground motion is not enough since the arrival time of different frequencies in the ground motion determines the damage due to resonance to the structure. In this study, both Fourier transforms (FFTs) and continuous wavelet transforms (CWT) are used to examine the frequency characteristics. To comprehend how the ground motions vary with epicentral distance, the study additionally tabulates the various single parameter estimates. The findings show a correlation between structural degradation and the order in which frequencies arrive. The two most harmful situations are either a persistently high frequency over time or a gradual drop in frequency content. In either scenario, there are significant structural vibrations as a result of the structure’s prolonged resonance. These findings are in line with the harm that several reconnaissance studies have documented.