The paper traces the development trajectory of agrarian studies in Indian sociology. It narrates its journey from village studies, through rural sociology to agrarian sociology and subsequent emergence as one of the core branches of Indian sociology over a period of three decades beginning with the 1960s. It is noted that the study of agrarian social structure peaked twice in Indian sociology, the first time in the 1970s in the aftermath of the green revolution and the second time in the 2000s following neoliberal reforms. Though there are ups and downs, agrarian studies continue to be one of the core areas of Indian sociology and are likely to receive greater sociological attention in the decades ahead in the context of ongoing rapid changes in the rural-agrarian economy and society.