Additive manufacturing (AM) uses a diverse range of materials, and each material possesses distinct applications and properties. Metals such as titanium provide durability and strength, whereas polymers (ABS, PLA, PC, etc.) provide flexibility and affordability. Similarly, nanomaterials and carbon fiber improve mechanical properties, and biomaterials (hydroxyapatite & collagen) support tissue engineering. Thus, this chapter mainly focuses on distinct materials used in AM methods for better understanding the limitations and characteristics of the materials for specific applications. In addition, the working principle of the Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) process, a widely used AM technique, is then discussed. Finally, the importance of material selection and characterization for successful AM applications are explored. This diversity of materials expands additive manufacturing potential and innovation.