Primary splenic abscess (SA) is an uncommon condition in children, often linked to immunosuppression and secondary to bacteremia. Its diagnosis is challenging, as the classic triad of fever, left upper quadrant tenderness, and leukocytosis occurs in only about one-third of cases. Imaging studies, especially ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT) scans, are crucial for diagnosis. CT scans are considered the gold standard due to their high sensitivity and specificity. Treatment options include antibiotic therapy, percutaneous drainage, open drainage, and splenectomy (partial or total), either as standalone interventions or in combination. Liver abscesses (LA) in children are now rare in developed nations but remain prevalent in the tropics among the developing countries. Pyogenic liver abscesses account for most cases, followed by amoebic and fungal types. Staphylococcus aureus is the leading pathogen globally. Diagnostic imaging modalities include ultrasonography (US) and computed tomography (CT). Treatment typically involves a combination of percutaneous drainage and appropriate antimicrobial therapy. However, open or laparoscopic surgical drainage may still be required in selected cases. Mortality rates for pyogenic LA have significantly improved, dropping from approximately 40% before the 1980s to below 15% in recent years. Similarly, the mortality rate for amoebic LA, which was reported at 11–14% before 1984, has decreased to under 1% today.

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Splenic and Liver Abscess

  • Ankur Mandelia,
  • Niyaz Ahmed Khan,
  • Subhasis Roy Choudhury

摘要

Primary splenic abscess (SA) is an uncommon condition in children, often linked to immunosuppression and secondary to bacteremia. Its diagnosis is challenging, as the classic triad of fever, left upper quadrant tenderness, and leukocytosis occurs in only about one-third of cases. Imaging studies, especially ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT) scans, are crucial for diagnosis. CT scans are considered the gold standard due to their high sensitivity and specificity. Treatment options include antibiotic therapy, percutaneous drainage, open drainage, and splenectomy (partial or total), either as standalone interventions or in combination. Liver abscesses (LA) in children are now rare in developed nations but remain prevalent in the tropics among the developing countries. Pyogenic liver abscesses account for most cases, followed by amoebic and fungal types. Staphylococcus aureus is the leading pathogen globally. Diagnostic imaging modalities include ultrasonography (US) and computed tomography (CT). Treatment typically involves a combination of percutaneous drainage and appropriate antimicrobial therapy. However, open or laparoscopic surgical drainage may still be required in selected cases. Mortality rates for pyogenic LA have significantly improved, dropping from approximately 40% before the 1980s to below 15% in recent years. Similarly, the mortality rate for amoebic LA, which was reported at 11–14% before 1984, has decreased to under 1% today.