Short Bowel Syndrome (SBS) is a condition resulting from the loss of gut tissue, either due to mechanical or functional factors. The intestine serves a vital role in not only processing and absorbing nutrients from our diet but also fulfilling various other functions essential for our well-being. Thus, the loss of the intestine leads to a cluster of altered functions, which has earned it the designation of a syndrome. The length of the remaining gut determines outcome in most patients, and that length has been gradually reducing over the last few decades due to improvements in the prevention and or management of the long-term complications, such as intestinal failure/parenteral nutrition (PN) associated liver disease and central venous catheter infections. Although length is important, it is not the only determinant of outcome in SBS. In fact, the definition of SBS is more functionally oriented, with the outcome being dependent on the amount of absorptive surface available and the efficiency of nutrient absorption. SBS can be described as a condition in which there is an insufficient functional bowel length to adequately absorb micro- and macronutrients, essential for proper growth and weight gain. The advances in medical and surgical treatment have resulted in reduced mortality, reduced duration of parenteral nutrition, improved growth and overall quality of life for children with SBS.