In environmental discourses, environmental justice has grown to be a significant problem. This paper comes from the background that major environmental agreements like the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change () and the Kyoto Protocol, increasingly include concerns for environmental equality and justice. This study situates the questions of environmental justice within the larger context of environmental sustainability and the current discussions of justice theories. It examines the environmental justice movement that has recently gained popularity in the USA. With a strong social justice component, this specific grassroots movement has redefined the sustainability agenda in Sub-Saharan Africa. It has characteristics with social justice movements for environmental justice in developing countries sometimes known as “environmentalism of the poor.” This paper critically evaluates several of the well-known conceptions of justice based on various principles of justice such as need, desert, and entitlement, using a critical discursive technique. current discussions on universalism against particularism, “abstract” liberalism versus communitarianism, and some other critical viewpoints on justice are examined. The paper recommends the need for a more expansive definition of environmental justice that recognises individual differences in different countries, while also being aware of the global nature of environmental issues. This paper concludes that environmental justice has to consider differential effectsfrom disproportionate contributions to environmental damages. It contends that a theory of justice that takes this reality into account must likewise take distinct obligations into account.