This study investigated the presence of heavy metals in fish, water, and soil near the Jharsuguda district, along the Ib and Bheden rivers. Water samples were collected between January and June 2023, and the results revealed varying levels of cadmium, chromium, and lead in the water. Sediments show seasonal and average fluctuations in these metals, with lead having the highest average quantity. The decreasing order of metal accumulation in the sediments was Pb > cr > cd. The fish samples presented monthly concentrations of cadmium, chromium, and lead in the muscle of Labeo rohita, with cadmium being the most accumulated metal in the fish. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) for heavy metals is highest for lead, followed by chromium and cadmium. The average BCF values for lead, chromium, and cadmium are 10.7142, 0.0055, and 5.513 L/kg, respectively. This study also analyzed the monthly concentrations of cadmium, chromium, and lead in the muscle of Mystus gulio and Sardinella fimbriata. Lead was the most accumulated metal in the fish, whereas cadmium was the least accumulated one. The BCF of heavy metals in the muscle of Sardinella fimbriata was noted to be similar, with chromium having the highest BCF. This study emphasizes the importance of addressing these contaminants in fish health and reducing their impact on aquatic ecosystems.