Indigenous Technical Knowledge (ITKs) is a set of crop management practices got evolved over generations with suitable modifications carried out and adopted by present-day farmers. The modern intensive agriculture concepts of twentieth century replaced conventional farming. In the process, vast floral and faunal genetic resources and indigenous knowledge are lost. However, Indigenous Technical Knowledge (ITKs) on agriculture is still practiced by some farmers in small isolated pockets. In this chapter, the physiography, climate, soils, crops, cropping systems, and the major agricultural constraints existing in the Hilly (Zone-9) and Coastal (Zone-10) agro-climatic zones of Karnataka receiving more than 2000 mm rainfall annually are listed. Accordingly, the ITKs and the technological recommendations for better crop production under temporary waterlogged conditions, nutrient-starved less fertile soils associated with low WHC and low pH soils are presented individually. In Indian agriculture, the concepts of animal husbandry, multiple cropping systems, homestead gardens/multistoried systems, use of tank silt, crop rotations with legumes, compost, and manure production techniques are age-old practices and many of them are still in use. Use of green manure crops in paddy can enhance paddy yields by 10–20% through the addition of organic matter and nitrogen by N-fixation. Adoption of green manure and green manure crops in paddy can save N requirements to the tune of one-third of the total N requirements. Similarly, the application of lime, dolomite, and paddy husk ash supplements Ca, Mg, K, and Si increases the paddy yield by 12–18%. The farm universities have developed suitable varieties for different cropping systems and adoption of them would also enhance farm income to the tune of 25–30%. Keeping a portion of land exclusively for natural resource conservation through farm pond, soppina betta, sacred groves, seeds, animal breeds and government’s support through gomalas, biodigesters, green manure crop seeds, and organic farming practices are the important conservation strategies.