This chapter examines the healthcare needs in adulthood, often considered to begin at age 18 years and continue until one becomes an older adult around the age of 65 years. Straddling between the vibrant adolescence and the mellow elderly period, the adult life span is full of transformation and challenges. The focus of their health needs transitions from developmental screening and building of healthy habits to interventions for early diagnosis and timely treatment of chronic diseases. This is a period of great productivity, both in building a career and raising a family. Occupational demands and the burden of parenthood, however, can lead to neglect of personal well-being. Work-life balance is essential for good health, as is ready access to preventive checkups and timely mitigation of risk factors. The adult also faces psychosocial issues ranging from finding intimacy and love in early adulthood to striving for generativity and care in middle age, according to Erikson’s theory. Moreover, adulthood is also a time to affirm one’s gender identity. In the age of LGBTQ + , an individual does not necessarily wish to be addressed simply as either man or woman, and the primary healthcare providers in the community have to be well-equipped to handle such sensitive issues.