The inspection of the variable curvature parts lacks efficiency using the traditional three-axis inspection method. The five-axis sweep scanning method can efficiently inspect free form surfaces. However, a uniform period planning of the sweeping path can lead to the waste of measurement resources and a decrease in measurement efficiency. Traditional five-axis sweep scanning methods typically consider only a fixed sweeping period when planning the sweeping path, which neglects the relationship between the surface curvature and the sweeping period. For parts with variable curvature, such as the blade cross-section, more sampling points are often required in the edge areas than in the other areas, or it would result in inspection precision decrease. This paper proposes an adaptive five-axis sweep scanning path planning method that transforms the adaptive allocation of the sweeping period into a sampling planning issue. The sampling process is conducted along the guiding curve based on its curvature, with the resulting points serving as the basis for generating the sweeping period. Finally, to address the issue of abrupt stylus orientation changes at the transition between the parts of the path with different sweeping density, a Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines (NURBS) smoothing method is applied to smooth the probe orientations at the transition part. In experiment, compared to the uniform period method, the proposed method reduces the path length by 27.4%. The proposed method and the uniform period method are equivalent in inspection accuracy, which validates our proposed method.