In response to the difficulties in ensuring recognition accuracy and high labor intensity in the manual recognition and classification process of high similarity aircraft connectors, this paper proposes a high similarity aircraft connector recognition method based on three-dimensional measurement, based on the differences in structural, shape, and size characteristics of aircraft connectors. By implementing maximum outer contour screening based on minimum bounding box calculation, similarity calculation based on point cloud registration, and high-precision comparison based on key feature sizes, high-precision identification of aircraft connectors with high similarity is achieved. The application verification is carried out using the identification of similar components of aircraft wing shaft sleeve as an example. The results show that this method can effectively identify similar components of aircraft wing shaft sleeve, with a maximum recognition accuracy of 0.1 mm.