This chapter presents an overview of the various tests that form the foundation of intraoperative neurophysiology concerning cranial nerves. It outlines the fundamental aspects of monitoring equipment and introduces the different neurophysiological techniques. The chapter provides a practical discussion of each method, covering: (1) the underlying principles, (2) the techniques for stimulation and recording, (3) the interpretation of results during surgery, and (4) the effects of anesthesia on monitoring processes.