Bamboo has emerged as a promising material for strengthening rigid pavements and beam column slabs in building projects because to its abundance, renewability, and exceptional mechanical qualities. This comprehensive review study studies the use of bamboo as a sustainable reinforcement material and its advantages in terms of environmental conservation, ecological preservation, and structural performance. Furthermore, the study recognises India's varied range of bamboo species, adding to the country’s great potential for bamboo production. Furthermore, the study investigates the environmental benefits of bamboo reinforcement. As a renewable resource, bamboo provides a sustainable alternative to standard reinforcement materials, reducing reliance on non-renewable resources and lowering carbon emissions. The environmental benefits of bamboo farming are also emphasised, since it encourages biodiversity, soil protection, and carbon sequestration. The structural performance of bamboo-reinforced rigid pavements and beam column slabs is examined using case studies, taking into account parameters such as strength, durability, and resilience to harsh climatic conditions. The research demonstrates the successful use of bamboo reinforcement in a variety of building projects, as well as its potential to improve the performance and longevity of road infrastructure.