Pulses form the fundamental part of the human diet next to cereals across the globe. Pulses are also an important source of cattle feed and play a crucial role in improving the nutrient profile of soil by enriching soil nitrogen and improving soil texture for other subsequent crops. Therefore, pulses offer ecological services other than their regular use in the human diet and livestock feed. Amid the changing climatic conditions, the prevalence of intensive monoculture and varieties with limited genetic bases pose a looming threat of catastrophic scale in agriculture and global food security. Additionally, protein-energy malnutrition (PEM), even in the present time, poses a serious threat to global public health, especially among children and the elderly. It is still a substantial health burden for all age groups, particularly in Asia and Africa. Further, with the socio-economic developments and population growth, there has been a change in the global food consumption pattern, with preferences being given to healthier and plant-based proteins in diets. In this perspective, the incorporation of pulses in the cropping systems offers promising benefits for sustainable agriculture and food security. Pulses are ecologically friendly as they help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and alleviate dependence on animal-based consumption. For developing such climate-resilient and high-yielding pulse varieties, the genetic diversity available in the gene pool of the respective cultivated species is crucial. Genebanks across the globe conserve the genetic resources important for food and agriculture. This chapter sheds light on the genetic diversity in pulse crops conserved in genebanks across the world in the form of genetic resources to promote its utilisation in pulse breeding programs.