Economic impact of climate change and disasters is increasing at an increasing rate globally. The frequency, magnitude, and intensity of climate-induced hazards are on the rise. Damage and losses from disasters result in immeasurable hardships for the affected communities and derail the decades of development gains. Among many impacted sectors, food security is one of the greatest concerns today due to the lack of food availability, access, utilization, and stability to varying degrees. On the other hand, the climate rapidly changes while global greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise despite the net-zero emission targets set to achieve by many countries in 2050. The long-term effects of climate change further exacerbate hydrometeorological hazards. Unplanned development, poor land-use planning, poor coping mechanisms, and lack of risk-sensitive development practices increase the vulnerability of people, livelihoods, agriculture, food systems, related infrastructure, and ecosystems to hazards and impacts of climate change. Decades of investments made to achieve sustainable development goals, specifically to eradicate extreme poverty and achieve zero hunger by 2030, have faced an unprecedented challenge due to climate change impacts and increased disaster risks compounded by the economic and societal implications of the Covid-19 pandemic. Six years have passed since the formulation and adoption of the 2030 development frameworks, yet substantial progress is to be achieved in all the instruments, including the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction, the Paris Agreement on Climate Change, and Sustainable Development Goals. The multifaceted nature and nexus between food security, food systems, disaster risks, and climate change need a multi-dimensional approach and policy coherence for risk-informed development. Critical challenges for ensuring food security include applying climate-inclusive risk assessment methodologies, bridging science, policy, and practice gaps, and designing and implementing an integrated policy framework for food security at the global, regional, and national levels that promote multi-sector engagement and partnerships. This paper discusses the current progress of implementing key international frameworks concerning food security and their nexus with risk-informed development practices, existing gaps, challenges, and recommendations to accelerate the progress through policy coherence during the post-Covid-19 pandemic economic recovery phase.

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Food Security, Climate and Disaster Nexus: Need for Policy Coherence in Risk-Informed Development

  • S. J. K. Madurapperuma,
  • D. Amaratunga,
  • R. Haigh

摘要

Economic impact of climate change and disasters is increasing at an increasing rate globally. The frequency, magnitude, and intensity of climate-induced hazards are on the rise. Damage and losses from disasters result in immeasurable hardships for the affected communities and derail the decades of development gains. Among many impacted sectors, food security is one of the greatest concerns today due to the lack of food availability, access, utilization, and stability to varying degrees. On the other hand, the climate rapidly changes while global greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise despite the net-zero emission targets set to achieve by many countries in 2050. The long-term effects of climate change further exacerbate hydrometeorological hazards. Unplanned development, poor land-use planning, poor coping mechanisms, and lack of risk-sensitive development practices increase the vulnerability of people, livelihoods, agriculture, food systems, related infrastructure, and ecosystems to hazards and impacts of climate change. Decades of investments made to achieve sustainable development goals, specifically to eradicate extreme poverty and achieve zero hunger by 2030, have faced an unprecedented challenge due to climate change impacts and increased disaster risks compounded by the economic and societal implications of the Covid-19 pandemic. Six years have passed since the formulation and adoption of the 2030 development frameworks, yet substantial progress is to be achieved in all the instruments, including the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction, the Paris Agreement on Climate Change, and Sustainable Development Goals. The multifaceted nature and nexus between food security, food systems, disaster risks, and climate change need a multi-dimensional approach and policy coherence for risk-informed development. Critical challenges for ensuring food security include applying climate-inclusive risk assessment methodologies, bridging science, policy, and practice gaps, and designing and implementing an integrated policy framework for food security at the global, regional, and national levels that promote multi-sector engagement and partnerships. This paper discusses the current progress of implementing key international frameworks concerning food security and their nexus with risk-informed development practices, existing gaps, challenges, and recommendations to accelerate the progress through policy coherence during the post-Covid-19 pandemic economic recovery phase.