The main objective of this study was to evaluate the mediating effect of TikTok addiction on the relationship between engagement with TikTok and school engagement among students. The independent variables analyzed were Engagement with TikTok and TikTok Addiction, while School Engagement was the dependent variable. Using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, the model was validated and a structural equation model was proposed. The sample consisted of 145 students from basic education schools in the region of Moquegua, Peru, who used TikTok from April to June 2023. The findings suggest that while engagement with TikTok has a significant positive impact on TikTok addiction, it does not directly affect school engagement. Furthermore, TikTok addiction does not mediate the relationship between engagement with TikTok and school engagement. These results highlight the complexity of factors influencing school engagement, suggesting that other variables not included in the model may play a more critical role. The study underscores the need for further research to explore additional mediators and moderators that could better explain the dynamics between social media engagement and academic outcomes, and to investigate other factors contributing to school engagement for developing more effective interventions.