The landscape of education and skills is undergoing significant transitions in the new era of globalization and technological advances. As such, future-ready young people need to equip themselves with interdisciplinary competencies, creativity, innovation, and other skills in their daily lives and respond to challenges and opportunities in this changeable world. In particular, education should be personalized and adaptable to address the diverse profiles and personal goals of students. This chapter delves into the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)’s view on 21st-century skills, particularly in the context of the OECD Learning Compass 2030. The framework acts as a roadmap for educators and practitioners to cultivate students’ holistic development, help adolescents thrive and flourish in future world, and influence the well-being of the world. This chapter first gives the background of the OECD’s Future of Education and Skills 2030 project, including the challenges and opportunities in the new era of the digital world and the call for an educational revolution. Then, this chapter explores the essential concepts in the Learning Compass 2030 and investigates why they are needed for students to navigate the future world. In the final part, the challenges and difficulties in teaching 21st-century skills will be discussed, and some thriving examples in the universities will be presented as well.