Rubble mound breakwaters, typically made of core rock and armor blocks, are porous structures through which a portion of waves and flow can penetrate. These breakwaters can serve as enclosure structures for the lower reservoir of seawater pumped-storage power stations, and it's important to limit the transmitted wave height to ensure safe operation. The wave transmission coefficient of rubble mound breakwaters is a critical research area with both theoretical and practical significance. This paper describes research findings on wave transmission coefficients, summarizes empirical formulas for the transmission coefficient, and analyzes various factors that influence the wave transmission coefficient. These insights can be valuable for future reference in engineering design and scientific research.