This research explores the critical domain of power system state estimation(PSSE), aiming to enhance the accuracy and reliability of real-time monitoring. Dynamic load, communication channel errors, and measurement errors affect the generation and power flow in a system, this can cause current and power flow to cross the limits which will eventually damage the system. To estimate the states accurately various mathematical models and algorithms were devised that are explained comprehensively in this paper. Recent developments in power system state estimation are discussed. Additionally, the paper discusses challenges faced by existing methodologies and outlines potential directions for future research in the field. This paper also discusses the algorithms developed for the detection of bad data that occur due to malfunctioning of some meters. Error analysis of estimated states is discussed to check for the authenticity of estimated states...