This chapter systematically examines the fundamental issues in translating Chinese laws and regulations, with a focus on their implications for national governance. It first outlines the core principles guiding legal translation in China, emphasizing accuracy, consistency, and functional equivalence. The chapter then analyzes common translation errors in legislative texts, such as terminological inconsistency, structural ambiguity, and cultural misalignment, and evaluates their impact on the clarity and authority of China’s legal discourse in international contexts. Finally, it concludes by underscoring the necessity of standardized translation practices to enhance legal predictability, facilitate cross-border cooperation, and support China’s strategic engagement in global governance.