Climate change, especially rising temperatures and CO2 levels, may increase plant–nematode pathogen activity, potentially worsening crop damage. Warmer temperatures could expand nematode ranges, while effects vary by species and region, with some facing reduced survival. Higher CO2 boosts nematode abundance due to increased plant root growth, though responses differ across ecosystems. Precipitation changes and extreme weather events, such as droughts and heat waves, might also influence nematode populations, but impacts are complex and context-dependent. This chapter synthesizes the findings from recent scientific literature to explore how these climate variables affect nematode biology, distribution, and interactions with host plants, with implications for global food security.