Surfactants adhere to the interface between two different phases, like liquid–gas or liquid–solid. They self-organize into micelles in a solution (oil or water) beyond the “critical micelle concentration” (CMC). Under different stimuli, their amphiphilic properties promote the formation of various geometric structures in solution. Thus, they have gained extensive application in consumer and commercial products, including food, healthcare, cosmetics, paints, and many more industrial processes such as oil recovery and printing. The global surfactant market was valued at $ 39,901 million in 2019 and is expected to reach $52,417 million by 2025. Many commercial goods that contain surfactants are discharged in native form in the ecosystem. Current estimates indicate that the quantity of surfactants in global aquatic habitats is approximately 7 million metric tons (60% by weight) annually. Nonetheless, their ecological ramifications have frequently been disregarded. Compared to synthetic counterparts, biosurfactants offer superior environmental compatibility. They have been extensively researched as alternatives to synthetic surfactants due to their versatile characteristics, including low-cost production, easy degradability, less toxicity, biofilm formation, and activity in extreme environmental conditions. They are produced by many microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and yeasts, as secondary metabolites. They are one of the best alternatives to synthetic surfactants to be used in cosmetic, food, and pharmaceutical fields. This chapter covers topics such as biosurfactant production techniques, various types of biosurfactants and their properties, and the challenges encountered during commercialization and large-scale production. The potential benefits of biosurfactant include bioremediation, healthcare, cosmetics, genetic engineering, bioprocess, etc., encouraging sustainable surfactant technology innovation and a greener industrial approach.