Blood is among the most commonly encountered types of biological evidence in forensic investigations, offering both physical context and a rich source of genetic material. Modern DNA profiling techniques—particularly short tandem repeat (STR) analysis and probabilistic genotyping—have transformed how investigators identify individuals and resolve complex cases. This paper explores the full process of handling blood evidence, from on-scene collection through laboratory analysis, highlighting technical challenges such as contamination, mixture interpretation, and low-template samples. It also reviews key international standards and recent innovations in forensic genetics that are shaping global best practices. Emphasis is placed on the need for consistent protocols, evaluative reporting, and scientifically validated methods to ensure DNA evidence remains robust and reliable in court. By examining both current techniques and emerging tools, this study underscores the importance of integrating scientific rigor with legal accountability in forensic casework.