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Ground radiation is a critical factor influencing outdoor mean radiant temperature (MRT), yet its variation across different materials and shading conditions remains insufficiently explored. This chapter investigates the dynamic impacts of ground radiation on MRT in shaded and unshaded environments, focusing on four representative urban surfaces: slabstone, asphalt, tile, and lawn. Field measurements conducted from morning to evening revealed that in unshaded areas, ground radiation generally followed the pattern of incident solar radiation, while in shaded areas inconsistencies occasionally emerged. Longwave radiation remained relatively stable across both settings. Across all surfaces, about 50% of ground radiation \({\text{(R}}_{{{\text{str,}}\;{\text{g}}}} )\) was absorbed by the human body. The mean maximum hourly MRT change caused by \({\text{R}}_{{{\text{str,}}\;{\text{g}}}}\) was 6.4 °C in unshaded conditions and within 2 °C in shaded ones. These results highlight the importance of shaded spaces, whether from trees or buildings, in mitigating thermal discomfort and provide practical guidance for optimizing surface design to improve urban microclimates.

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The Mitigating Effect of Shaded Spaces (Including Solar-Induced Shadows from Trees and Buildings) on Thermal Discomfort in Urban Construction

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Zhaosong Fang,
  • Sheng Zhang,
  • Zhang Lin,
  • Xiwen Feng,
  • Yuchun Zhang

摘要

Ground radiation is a critical factor influencing outdoor mean radiant temperature (MRT), yet its variation across different materials and shading conditions remains insufficiently explored. This chapter investigates the dynamic impacts of ground radiation on MRT in shaded and unshaded environments, focusing on four representative urban surfaces: slabstone, asphalt, tile, and lawn. Field measurements conducted from morning to evening revealed that in unshaded areas, ground radiation generally followed the pattern of incident solar radiation, while in shaded areas inconsistencies occasionally emerged. Longwave radiation remained relatively stable across both settings. Across all surfaces, about 50% of ground radiation \({\text{(R}}_{{{\text{str,}}\;{\text{g}}}} )\) was absorbed by the human body. The mean maximum hourly MRT change caused by \({\text{R}}_{{{\text{str,}}\;{\text{g}}}}\) was 6.4 °C in unshaded conditions and within 2 °C in shaded ones. These results highlight the importance of shaded spaces, whether from trees or buildings, in mitigating thermal discomfort and provide practical guidance for optimizing surface design to improve urban microclimates.