This chapter examines China’s strategies to secure its food supply amidst escalating trade tensions, particularly with the United States, and broader global challenges such as climate change, geopolitical conflicts, and supply chain disruptions. As the world’s most populous nation and a major agricultural producer, China faces significant vulnerabilities due to its reliance on imported staples like soybeans, corn, and meat. The chapter explores China’s multi-pronged approach to enhancing food security, which includes diversifying import sources, increasing domestic production through technological innovation, and investing in overseas agricultural projects. Key initiatives such as the Plan for Accelerating the Construction of a Strong Agricultural Nation underscore China’s commitment to self-sufficiency, sustainability, and modernization. However, environmental constraints, trade policy shifts, and logistical challenges pose ongoing risks. The analysis highlights China’s efforts to balance self-reliance with international cooperation, offering insights into the future of global food trade and the geopolitical dimensions of food security.