A significant health and safety concern in the construction industry is musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), typically arising from the physically strenuous nature of tasks and inadequate ergonomic practices. Exoskeletons have been proposed as a potential intervention to mitigate MSDs. To effectively utilize exoskeletons and adopt proper postures during construction tasks, there is a pressing need to educate the future workforce on the operation of exoskeletons and the awareness of ergonomic hazards. Nevertheless, there is a scarcity of research addressing this necessity. To address this need, this study examines the effectiveness of a virtual learning environment (ViRLE) designed to enhance students’ comprehension and practical understanding of ergonomic risks and the implementation of exoskeletons. This study employed a pre-post survey design to evaluate improvement in experiences, knowledge, and skills among 12 construction engineering and management students. Participants initially completed a pre-survey that assessed their confidence in evaluating ergonomic risks, as well as their familiarity and knowledge of the various exoskeleton support types. Subsequently, they engaged with the ViRLE designed to train students on exoskeleton implementation and ergonomic risk identification. A post-survey was conducted to assess changes in their confidence, familiarity, and knowledge levels. The results demonstrated a significant enhancement in students’ confidence regarding ergonomic risks, as well as their knowledge and familiarity with exoskeletons. The findings indicate that ViRLE can serve as an effective educational tool for construction education, especially in safety training. By investigating educational platforms for workforce development, this study contributes to the advancement of robotics in the construction industry.