Being among the world’s most rapidly developing economies and a third-largest contributor of greenhouse gas emissions, India has a strategic position in global action against climate change. Becoming a renewables-based economy in the form of solar, wind, small hydro, and bioenergy is not a requirement but a transformative opportunity for India and the world. India’s deeply ingrained philosophies like Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam (“the world is one family”) and Prakriti Rakshati Rakshitah (“nature protects those who protect her”) give a distinct civilizational ethos that is strongly aligned with the values of sustainability and environmental justice. These values of humanism, however, need to be meaningfully infused into contemporary policy paradigms to enable green development that is inclusive and equitable. Hence, this article examines major government programs such as the National Solar Mission, Ujjwala Yojana, Perform Achieve and Trade (PAT) scheme, and the new Green Hydrogen Mission and evaluates their contribution to facilitating clean energy adoption, public participation in emission control, and improving energy efficiency. Moreover, this article examines the intersection of government policies and programs with green and renewable energy, humanistic culture, ethical stewardship, and community resilience in India. Though these programs are vital, their environmental success relies on coordinating local, state, and national government frameworks. Successful models such as Gujarat’s innovative solar parks, Tamil Nadu’s leadership in wind power, and Kerala’s decentralized renewable schemes, as well as ongoing challenges like land-use conflicts, ecological disturbance, rural-urban divisions, and policy fragmentation, are the focus of this study. It also investigates the central position of grassroots movements, self-help organizations, and indigenous communities in ensuring a bottom-up strategy towards sustainability. The article assesses India’s pledges towards international agreements made at the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) summits. Finally, the paper advocates for an integrative policy paradigm that balances green technological progress with human dignity, environmental justice, and cultural heritage values. It calls for an inclusive strategy that advances decentralized energy models, participatory governance, education for sustainable development, and empowering marginalized communities, particularly women and rural groups.