Blockchain immutability enhances data security but introduces challenges in regulatory compliance, vulnerability remediation, and storage scalability. To address these issues, redactable blockchain technologies have emerged. Among them, chameleon hash-based redactable blockchains (CHRB) are considered the most promising due to their cryptographic soundness, high efficiency, and compatibility with existing architectures. However, research topics in this field are fragmented, and the technical complexity makes it difficult for researchers to identify suitable techniques or design solutions. To systematically understand the CHRB landscape, this study conducts a systematic literature review (SLR) of 40 rigorously selected papers. We identify 10 core research topics, which are categorized into three areas: pre-redaction authorization, redaction process optimization, and post-redaction audit. We also extract 21 key enabling techniques and analyze their associations with the identified topics. Finally, the study summarizes key findings and discusses future research directions. This review provides a structured overview of CHRB’s research landscape and technical foundations, aiming to assist researchers and practitioners in navigating this rapidly evolving domain.