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Aiming at the unclear protection effect of lightning rod towers (LRTs) in wind farms under complex conditions, this study establishes models of wind turbines and LRTs using AutoCAD and MATLAB. The Finite Difference Method (FDM) is adopted to calculate the spatial electric field distribution, and the fractal probability model is integrated to simulate the lightning development process in wind farms. By constructing a numerical simulation model, the influence of LRT height on the protection effect of LRTs is investigated. Results indicate that increasing the height of LRTs can significantly enhance their lightning protection effectiveness for wind turbines. However, when the LRT height exceeds 30% of the wind turbine height, the marginal benefits of the improvement in lightning protection effectiveness for wind turbines diminish significantly. It is recommended that the design height of the LRT be set at 115%–130% of the wind turbine height to balance its protection effectiveness and economic benefits, thereby providing valuable insights for the effective lightning protection of wind farms.

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Research on Protection Effect of Lightning Rod Towers in Wind Farms Based on Numerical Simulation

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Xin Huang,
  • Huijuan Liu,
  • Huaixiang Wang,
  • Mi Zhou,
  • Ziyi Wang,
  • Yiyu Lin,
  • Jiangtao Chen,
  • Jianguo Wang,
  • Li Cai

摘要

Aiming at the unclear protection effect of lightning rod towers (LRTs) in wind farms under complex conditions, this study establishes models of wind turbines and LRTs using AutoCAD and MATLAB. The Finite Difference Method (FDM) is adopted to calculate the spatial electric field distribution, and the fractal probability model is integrated to simulate the lightning development process in wind farms. By constructing a numerical simulation model, the influence of LRT height on the protection effect of LRTs is investigated. Results indicate that increasing the height of LRTs can significantly enhance their lightning protection effectiveness for wind turbines. However, when the LRT height exceeds 30% of the wind turbine height, the marginal benefits of the improvement in lightning protection effectiveness for wind turbines diminish significantly. It is recommended that the design height of the LRT be set at 115%–130% of the wind turbine height to balance its protection effectiveness and economic benefits, thereby providing valuable insights for the effective lightning protection of wind farms.