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Thermochemical conversionThermochemical conversion of lignocellulosic and microalgal biomassBiomass offers a viable alternative to fossil fuels. This chapter discusses three primary pathways: pyrolysisPyrolysis, liquefactionLiquefaction and CO/H₂O reaction, highlighting their mechanisms, operating conditions and catalytic enhancements. Wood and microalgaeMicroalgae function as model feedstocks, with their structural and compositional properties affecting conversion efficiency and product quality. PyrolysisPyrolysis, especially when catalysed, improves oil quality by reducing oxygenated molecules and increasing hydrocarbon content. LiquefactionLiquefaction techniques, both direct and indirect, provide alternate means for generating liquid fuels with potential biofuel uses; nonetheless, the products require enhancement due to concerns over product viscosity and stability. The CO/H₂O reaction pathway is notable for its ability to produce substantial oil yields with limited hydrogen input, particularly from microalgaeMicroalgae abundant in proteins and lipids. Methods for upgrading bio-oil, including hydrotreating, hydrocrackingHydrocracking and zeolite catalysis, are evaluated to enhance bio-oil compatibility with current engine systems. The chapter underscores the importance of feedstock selection, reaction conditions and catalyst selection in enhancing biofuel productionBiofuel production.

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Biomass to Bioenergy: Thermochemical Conversion of Lignocellulosic and Microalgal Feedstock

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • R. R. Dirgarini Julia Nurlianti Subagyono,
  • Alan L. Chaffee,
  • Marc Marshall

摘要

Thermochemical conversionThermochemical conversion of lignocellulosic and microalgal biomassBiomass offers a viable alternative to fossil fuels. This chapter discusses three primary pathways: pyrolysisPyrolysis, liquefactionLiquefaction and CO/H₂O reaction, highlighting their mechanisms, operating conditions and catalytic enhancements. Wood and microalgaeMicroalgae function as model feedstocks, with their structural and compositional properties affecting conversion efficiency and product quality. PyrolysisPyrolysis, especially when catalysed, improves oil quality by reducing oxygenated molecules and increasing hydrocarbon content. LiquefactionLiquefaction techniques, both direct and indirect, provide alternate means for generating liquid fuels with potential biofuel uses; nonetheless, the products require enhancement due to concerns over product viscosity and stability. The CO/H₂O reaction pathway is notable for its ability to produce substantial oil yields with limited hydrogen input, particularly from microalgaeMicroalgae abundant in proteins and lipids. Methods for upgrading bio-oil, including hydrotreating, hydrocrackingHydrocracking and zeolite catalysis, are evaluated to enhance bio-oil compatibility with current engine systems. The chapter underscores the importance of feedstock selection, reaction conditions and catalyst selection in enhancing biofuel productionBiofuel production.