We can see through a quick survey that research on Hu Shi’s胡適 philosophy in terms of pragmatism, scientism, empiricism, anti-traditionalism, and Westernization is quite common; and correlatively, when scholars mention these various things they also bring up Hu Shi’s name. However, Hu Shi’s thought and philosophy should not be limited to these labels, and if we wish to switch perspectives, the naturalism that Hu Shi himself promoted and maintained is quite worthy of our attention. This is Hu Shi’s cosmology and world view that is centered on the concept of “nature” (ziran自然). It is the “most philosophical” part of Hu Shi’s philosophy; it is the metaphysics that he tried to avoid yet ultimately could not. In light of Hu Shi’s rejection of metaphysics, his resistance against speculation and abstraction and his blunt claim that philosophy should be defined as “the research of the most pressing human problems,” would it not be an offense against Hu Shi’s philosophy to say that his naturalism is a kind of cosmology? a kind of metaphysics? I do not think that it would be.