Generally, the stability of canal slopes under different conditions is very important in geotechnical engineering. This paper, presented as a case study, investigates the failure of a road embankment adjacent to an irrigation canal. The road embankment, constructed in Kandra Kota, has a height of 18 m, an inclination of 1 vertical to 1.5 horizontal (1 V:1.5 H), a bottom width of 30 m, and a bed width of 6 m. It experienced significant side slope erosion due to fluctuating water levels and flow velocities, particularly during heavy rainfall events and peak irrigation periods. The absence of adequate slope protection measures, combined with rapid sediment shifts, weakened the embankment. Over time, erosion began, disturbing the soil structure, weakening the canal embankment’s foundation, and leading to failure. The study aims to identify the primary factors that contributed to this failure, which resulted in the longitudinal collapse of the road embankment and erosion of the canal bed. The failure mechanism of the slopes is analyzed through field observations and laboratory testing. Key findings suggest that the failure of canal slopes under steady seepage reduces the shear strength parameters. To evaluate slope stability, HYRCAN software was used to determine the factor of safety under different exposure conditions. This study underscores the importance of lateral and vertical erosion in embankment construction and the development of integrated engineering approaches to minimize the interaction between water and slope failures. The findings offer insights for enhancing slope stability and preventing similar failures in the future.