As digitalization transforms industries globally, electric aircraft have emerged as pivotal players in the quest for green aviation, seamlessly integrating with artificial intelligence (AI) to birth the era of intelligent aviation. This paper embarks on a comprehensive exploration of the current state and trajectory of electric aircraft development worldwide. It delves into the primary trends shaping this evolution, alongside the intricate challenges that persist. Our examination highlights critical technological clusters essential for the widespread adoption of electric aircraft. The analysis further underscores how intelligent technologies can bolster these aircraft's performance, reliability, and operational efficiency. However, the transition to intelligent aviation presents a unique set of hurdles. Among these are constraints in onboard computing power and algorithmic proficiency, stringent demands for safety guarantees and airworthiness certifications, as well as complex airspace management and air traffic coordination issues. In addressing these challenges, the paper proposes targeted strategies. It emphasizes the importance of enhancing computational capabilities and refining algorithms for optimized aircraft performance. Moreover, it advocates for robust frameworks ensuring the safety and airworthiness of electric aircraft integrated with AI systems. Lastly, it calls for coordinated efforts to streamline airspace management and air traffic control in an increasingly intelligent aviation landscape. Ultimately, the findings of this paper aim to serve as a guide for researchers, regulatory bodies, and industry stakeholders. By shedding light on critical research areas and policy recommendations, it seeks to expedite the secure and scalable integration of electric aircraft into an AI-enhanced airspace, paving the way for a smarter, greener aviation future.