This research focuses on the greening demands of balconies I n high-rise residential buildings in Nanjing City. Taking the south-facing balconies of a typical high-rise building, Zhonghai Phoenix Xi’an, as the research object, it mainly explores the differentiation patterns of microclimate elements on balconies at different floors during summer. Under typical clear weather conditions, the microclimate characteristics were compared and analyzed through field observations and the microscale numerical model ENVI-met. The research found that the wind speed on high-floor balconies significantly increases, with abundant light but large daily temperature variations and high risks of extreme high temperatures; the microclimate on middle-floor balconies is relatively balanced; and on low-floor balconies, the wind speed is weak, light is significantly blocked, and the temperature is relatively stable but may be stuffy. Based on the quantified results, the research systematically proposed recommended plant species that adapt to the microclimate characteristics of balconies at different floors and provided suggestions for plant placement considering the indoor light gradient. Particularly in response to the high-temperature stress in summer, key maintenance strategies were proposed to enhance the survival rate of plants on balconies and indoors, providing practical guidance for residents to scientifically implement balcony greening and indoor plant maintenance.