The global food security in the twenty-first century is concerning due to the uncertain climate change, pest outbreaks, declining soil fertility, and rising population. Since healthy and productive plants are indispensable to meet the global food demands, these factors negatively influence crop productivity. Though plants have their own immunity, they cannot thrive in certain conditions. To mitigate this, it is necessary to develop innovative and sophisticated strategies to enhance defense responses in plants. “Plant immunity induction” which is also called “plant priming” is one of the well-known strategies of crop protection that is environment-friendly as well as sustainable. Priming brings the plants into an “alarm state” by exposing them into minor stressor that can be natural or synthetic compounds, which help them to react more efficiently and rapidly in future, mirroring the induced innate immunity in the mammalian cell through vaccination. Various complex, interconnected biochemical and genetic processes are involved in creating stress memories in plants. Multiple studies showed that primed plants exhibit improved growth, reduced yield losses, and lower dependence on chemical pesticides and fertilizers. By incorporating plant priming into agricultural practices, it is possible to boost crop productivity while promoting environmental sustainability. This chapter sheds light on the concept, types, and molecular mechanisms of plant priming and its practical applications in agriculture. In addition to this, we addressed the limitations and challenges in optimizing priming responses in plants under diverse environmental conditions. Combining plant’s innate immune capabilities with this innovative approach is undoubtedly helpful in ensuring resilient agricultural systems that can overcome current and future challenges.