The increasing accumulation of agricultural waste worldwide has exacerbated greenhouse gas emissions, prompting the exploration of sustainable solutions such as biochar. Biochar, a carbon-rich material produced through pyrolysis of organic matter under limited oxygen, offers versatile applications in agriculture, energy production, and environmental management. Its unique properties, including a porous structure, abundant functional groups, and stable carbon components, make it a promising tool for enhancing soil fertility, mitigating greenhouse gases, and improving crop yields. Recent research highlights biochar’s potential in moisture retention, nutrient absorption, and carbon sequestration, while also reducing the need for chemical fertilizers and alleviating plant stress. However, challenges such as economic viability, technological limitations, and long-term soil impacts hinder its widespread adoption. This chapter delves into the properties of biochar, its multifaceted roles in agriculture—ranging from improving soil physical and biological properties to addressing heavy metal pollution and its contribution to sustainable farming practices. It also examines the limitations and future prospects of biochar, emphasizing the need for expanded research and innovative applications to fully harness its potential in the Green Revolution 2.0. By integrating scientific insights and practical considerations, this chapter provides a comprehensive overview of biochar’s transformative role in modern agriculture and its implications for sustainable development.