This concluding chapter synthesises the theoretical, empirical, and methodological insights developed throughout the book to reflect on translation as a site of power, negotiation, and agency within the COATI. The analysis interrogates the dynamic interplay between institutional and individual agents, as well as human and nonhuman actors, foregrounding sites of convergence and contestation in the translation and publication processes of the COATI projects. By foregrounding power, the chapter shows how selection processes, translation strategies, and publishing outcomes are shaped not only by human actors but also by nonhuman factors, including institutional policies, funding mechanisms, and emerging technologies such as generative AI. Drawing on Actor-Network Theory (ANT) and Archer’s realist social theory, the chapter demonstrates how structural, institutional, and individual agencies intersect in the production of translated scholarship. It concludes by situating COATI within China’s broader trajectory from ‘translating the world’ to ‘translating China,’ underscoring the interactions between structure and agency in reshaping global knowledge exchange.