The distribution of solar radiation on the sky is a research difficulty in the field of solar energy. In this paper, based on the CIE standard and the principle of photothermal integration, a new anisotropic solar radiation model is established, which can estimate the solar radiation received by the horizontal surface and the inclined surface at different inclination angles. First, a system of 15 sky types describing the radiation distribution is proposed according to the CIE standard, and the results show that the proportions of overcast days, cloudy days and sunny days for 28.14%, 34.24% and 37.62%, respectively. Second, the relative solar radiation and relative sky luminance are categorized according to the classified sky types, and the polynomial function relationship between them is established. Combined with the CIE sky luminance model, a new anisotropic solar radiation model (CIENASR model) under different sky types was established. Finally, the CIE-NASR model and the existing models were compared. The results show that the CIE-NASR model outperforms the existing model in terms of model accuracy at 30°, 45° and 60°. The results of this research provide a more theoretical for the method application of solar photovoltaics.