The Application and the Development of 3D Printing Technology in Biosensors
摘要
The advent of 3D printing has transformed the development of flexible, sticky biosensors for continuous, non-invasive health monitoring. This review examines the integration of 3D printing with metal components such as titanium, stainless steel, and bronze in wearable biosensor design. Key 3D printing methods like Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), Stereolithography (SLA), and Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) are explored for combining the mechanical strength of metals with the flexibility of polymers and hydrogels. The use of metal-based conductive electrodes enhances sensor accuracy and durability. We discuss the challenges of skin adherence, electrical conductivity, and scalability, along with innovations in materials such as novel alloys and nanomaterials like graphene. The paper also highlights the potential of wearable metal-polymer hybrid sensors in real-time health tracking and concludes with future prospects in IoT and AI integration for personalized healthcare, emphasizing the need for bio-compatible materials and commercialization in the next generation of smart, wearable technologies.