Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis and Its Potential Implications on Neuropsychiatric Disorders with a Special Emphasis on Bile Acid Signaling
摘要
The gut microbiota is a large group of microorganisms that reside within the host organism, influencing significant pathways and mechanisms by altering specific compounds such as short-chain fatty acids in bile acid metabolism. The result is quite astonishing that these microscopic creatures impact human health not only in gastrointestinal problems but also in neuropsychiatric illnesses. The gut microbiota acts equally as the human brain in a certain percentage, and they mimic the human genome as the gut microbiome. The therapeutic potential of certain drugs and the pharmacological activity of certain foods and nutritional products, interestingly, depend upon the gut microbiota composition. This chapter discusses the gut-brain axis and neurological disorders. We tried to establish the link between gut microbiota and the bile acid metabolism that might regulate the neuropsychiatric disorders.