This study takes a holistic approach to explore how entrepreneurs’ beliefs about sustainability and climate change interact with psychological traits and firm-specific conditions to foster high levels of entrepreneurial resilience. Guided by complexity theory, we utilize a configurational fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) with survey data collected from 153 small business owners located in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, and Wyoming, USA, two economies that have been historically dependent on the fossil fuel industry. Our findings identify four distinct configurations that illustrate how combinations of belief systems about sustainability, psychological characteristics (specifically, self-efficacy, optimism, and locus of control), and firm attributes such as size and profitability contribute to high entrepreneurial resilience. The analysis highlights that “efficacy-driven, optimistic internals” (EOIs) achieve resilience through psychological synergy. While three other types, “Climate Conscious Optimistic Internals” (CCOIs), “Climate Conscious Efficacy-Driven Internals” (CCEIs), and “Climate Conscious Efficacy-Driven Optimists” (CCEOs) attain high resilience through a process of climate conscious empowerment shifting. These insights underscore the value of integrating beliefs about sustainability and climate change with psychological factors to better understand how entrepreneurs navigate challenges, offering meaningful contributions to both entrepreneurship and sustainability research (This chapter is based on a study originally published by Lewellyn, Falcon, & Moghaddam (2024) in the Entrepreneurship & Regional Development journal).