Sugammadex sodium is a γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) derivative that forms an inclusion complex with the muscle relaxants rocuronium bromide or vecuronium bromide, reducing the concentration of the muscle relaxant at the neuromuscular junction, thus enabling rapid recovery from muscle relaxation and contributing to the safety of anesthesia for patients and medical professionals. Sugammadex sodium exerts rapid effects through a mechanism of action that differs from that of previous antagonists [1, 2] (Fig. 126.1). CD is a cyclic oligosaccharide that forms an inclusion complex by incorporating guest compounds into its cavity, and it has been widely used since 1976 as a pharmaceutical additive for the purpose of solubilizing and stabilizing active ingredients [3]. Sugammadex sodium, the first CD compound to be approved as a pharmaceutical raw material, is a blockbuster drug that opens new possibilities for research in glycan science.