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In the development of cancer vaccines, various approaches are being explored, including peptide vaccines using tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), glycan-based vaccines, mRNA vaccines, dendritic cell vaccines, and self-adjuvanting vaccines [1–5]. In particular, mRNA vaccines are gaining momentum in the oncology field following the success of COVID-19 vaccines. However, challenges remain, such as immune evasion of cancer cells, low antigenicity, and immune tolerance. Traditional cancer vaccines targeting TAAs have shown limited clinical efficacy. Consequently, efforts to improve adjuvants (immune activators) and to utilize neoantigens (tumor-specific antigens) are attracting increasing attention.

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Tumor-Associated Antigens and Self-Adjuvant Vaccines

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Koichi Fukase

摘要

In the development of cancer vaccines, various approaches are being explored, including peptide vaccines using tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), glycan-based vaccines, mRNA vaccines, dendritic cell vaccines, and self-adjuvanting vaccines [1–5]. In particular, mRNA vaccines are gaining momentum in the oncology field following the success of COVID-19 vaccines. However, challenges remain, such as immune evasion of cancer cells, low antigenicity, and immune tolerance. Traditional cancer vaccines targeting TAAs have shown limited clinical efficacy. Consequently, efforts to improve adjuvants (immune activators) and to utilize neoantigens (tumor-specific antigens) are attracting increasing attention.