Photocarcinoma, a form of skin cancer predominantly caused by prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, remains a significant global health concern. The major histological types include basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and melanoma, each varying in aggressiveness, metastatic potential, and clinical outcome. This chapter explores the clinical features, differential diagnosis, and diagnostic techniques employed in detecting and staging photocarcinoma. Common presentations, including non-healing lesions, ulceration, and pigmentation changes, along with location-specific signs, inform clinical suspicion. Diagnostic procedures encompass dermoscopy, histopathology, and advanced imaging techniques. Molecular diagnostics, including PCR, next-generation sequencing (NGS), and CRISPR-based tools, provide insights into genetic mutations and opportunities for targeted therapy. The staging of photocarcinoma through the TNM system facilitates prognostic evaluation, which is additionally affected by tumor type, depth, lymph node involvement, patient-related factors, and molecular changes. Advancements in molecular profiling and precision oncology facilitate the creation of personalized treatment strategies, while immunotherapy and gene-editing technologies broaden the therapeutic landscape. Emerging diagnostic modalities, AI-integrated tools, and photodynamic diagnostic approaches demonstrate potential in enhancing early detection and treatment effectiveness. Reducing the burden of disease requires preventive measures, such as wearable UV monitoring technology and public education. The chapter concludes by highlighting the significance of combining conventional diagnostics with molecular technologies to improve patient outcomes, guide treatment planning, and increase diagnosis accuracy in the management of photocarcinomas.