One of the biggest threats to agriculture is climate change, which has an impact on rural livelihoods, food security, and the sustainability of natural resources worldwide. Traditional farming methods are being disrupted by rising temperatures, changed precipitation patterns, and an increase in the frequency of extreme weather events. The idea and application of sustainable agriculture as a calculated reaction to climate change adaptation and mitigation are examined in this chapter. In order to create farming systems that are resilient, productive, and environmentally sound, sustainable agriculture combines ecological, economic, and social concepts. Important strategies are covered in detail, including crop diversification, integrated nutrient and pest management, agroforestry, organic farming, conservation agriculture, and climate-smart agriculture. These methods improve soil health and resource efficiency while also lowering greenhouse gas emissions and increasing carbon sequestration. The chapter also highlights how the shift to climate-resilient farming systems can be aided by farmer-led innovations, indigenous knowledge, and supporting governmental frameworks. Case studies are provided to illustrate real-world uses and difficulties in climate-vulnerable areas, especially in the Global South. The chapter concludes by discussing the necessity of interdisciplinary research, institutional assistance, and capacity building to mainstream sustainable agriculture into national and international climate strategies. Sustainable agriculture is a key strategy for attaining food security in the face of changing climate circumstances by coordinating agricultural development with environmental sustainability and climate resilience.