Complex products are the core driving force behind the development of new quality productive forces. To address the current issue of low efficiency in the innovative design of complex products, this paper proposes an integrated innovative design method that combines modular decomposition, technological system evolution analysis, and change propagation analysis. Firstly, community detection technology in complex networks is employed to partition the modules of complex products. Subsequently, the TRIZ technological system evolution theory is applied at the module level to facilitate innovative design. Finally, change propagation analysis is conducted to determine the impact scope of module innovation and to mitigate the effects of changes. An example is presented to illustrate the innovative configuration of the rotary kiln incineration system. The findings indicate that this approach can offer theoretical underpinnings for the modular innovative design of complex products.