Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP)
摘要
Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is an in vitro nucleic acid amplification technique invented by Notomi et al. in 2000 [1]. LAMP can detect DNA with high specificity and efficiency under constant temperature conditions. By using a set of specially designed primers and a DNA polymerase with high strand displacement activity, LAMP avoids the thermal cycling process and can amplify a few copies of DNA to 109 within 1 h. LAMP is highly specific for the target sequence assay, which is attributable to the special recognition of six regions on the target sequence by four primers. LAMP amplification products are a mixture of stem-loop with various stem lengths and cauliflower-like structural DNA fragments with multiple loops. LAMP amplification products can be detected by real-time fluorescence and real-time turbidimetry, as well as by electrophoresis, turbidity, fluorescence, electrochemistry, and lateral flow assay with an endpoint detection manner. Due to its constant temperature, specificity, high efficiency, rapidity, and flexible detection manners, LAMP amplification technology has been successfully applied to the detection of pathogenic microorganisms, nucleic acid biomarker analysis, genetically modified food identification, telomerase activity detection, etc., which is the most widely used isothermal nucleic acid amplification technology [2–10].