Although global fruit production grows yearly, it has historically remained insufficient to meet recommended consumption levels. Moreover, viral diseases continue to pose a major barrier to achieving a sufficient fruit supply worldwide. Different fruit crops face distinct viral threats (tobacco mosaic virus, banana bunchy top virus, tomato leaf curl virus, papaya ringspot virus, cucumber mosaic virus, etc.). However, common symptoms include smaller, misshapen, or discolored fruit, altered sugar-acid balance, and reduced shelf life. These undermine productivity and quality, and when outbreaks occur, they inflict multimillion-dollar economic losses that affect everyone, from large-scale farms to smallholder farmers. Even moderate infection levels can reduce yields by 15–40%. Countering these impacts requires early detection and containment, especially since the infection is permanent once a plant harbors the virus. This chapter reviews major fruit-infecting viruses and quantifies their regional economic losses, covering both direct and indirect costs. It also examines how these viral diseases affect key fruit quality traits, such as size, sugar content, acidity, and aroma, thereby undermining marketability.